BNSS - IoT & Robotics Training
Design and implement a system with an Arduino Nano to control a servo motor, rotating to specific angles like 90 or 180 degrees based on user input or sensor data.
#include <Servo.h>
Servo servo_pin_2;
void setup(){
servo_pin_2.attach(2,530,2600);
}
void loop(){
servo_pin_2.write( 0 );
delay( 2000 );
servo_pin_2.write( 90 );
delay( 2000 );
servo_pin_2.write( 0 );
delay( 2000 );
servo_pin_2.write( 90 );
delay( 1000 );
}
To detect and respond to the presence or movement of objects using infrared light.
int IRSensor = 9; // connect ir sensor module to Arduino pin 9
int LED = 12; // conect LED to Arduino pin 13
void setup(){
Serial.begin(115200); // Init Serila at 115200 Baud
Serial.println("Serial Working"); // Test to check if serial is working or not
pinMode(IRSensor, INPUT); // IR Sensor pin INPUT
pinMode(LED, OUTPUT); // LED Pin Output
}
void loop(){
int sensorStatus = digitalRead(IRSensor); // Set the GPIO as Input
if (sensorStatus == 1) // Check if the pin high or not
{ // if the pin is high turn off the onboard Led
digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); // LED LOW
Serial.println("Motion Ended!"); // print Motion Detected! on the serial
monitor window
}
else {
//else turn on the onboard LED
digitalWrite(LED, LOW); // LED High
Serial.println("Motion Detected!"); // print Motion Ended! on the serial
monitor window
} }The objective of using a dot matrix display with Arduino is to display text, symbols, and images.
//////////////////////////////////
// LED Matrix MAX7219 Tutorial //
// ArduinoCraft //
//////////////////////////////////
// connect the necessary library
#include "LedControl.h"
// jumper pin settings
#define DIN 10
#define CS 11
#define CLK 12
// this variable indicates the number of matrices, counting starts from zero
#define myMat 0
// initialization of LED matrix from library
LedControl ledMat = LedControl(DIN, CLK, CS, myMat);
// variable of array type, 1 indicates lit LEDs
byte charH[8] = {
B00100010,
B00100010,
B00111110,
B00100010,
B00100010,
B00100010,
B00100010,
B00000000
};
byte charE[8] = {
B01111100,
B01000000,
B01000000,
B01110000,
B01000000,
B01000000,
B01111100,
B00000000
};
byte charL[8] = {
B01000000,
B01000000,
B01000000,
B01000000,
B01000000,
B01000000,
B01111100,
B00000000
};
byte charO[8] = {
B00011100,
B00100010,
B01000001,
B01000001,
B01000001,
B01000001,
B00100010,
B00011100
};
void setup() {
// wake up the matrix to start communication
ledMat.shutdown(myMat, false);
// setting the LED matrix to medium brightness (0-15)
ledMat.setIntensity(myMat, 7);
// switching off all LEDs on the matrix
ledMat.clearDisplay(myMat);
}
void loop() {
// drawing a character from a variable
// H
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
ledMat.setRow(myMat, i, charH[i]);
}
delay(1000); // delay 1000 ms
ledMat.clearDisplay(myMat); // clear display
// E
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
ledMat.setRow(myMat, i, charE[i]);
}
delay(1000);
ledMat.clearDisplay(myMat);
// L
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
ledMat.setRow(myMat, i, charL[i]);
}
delay(1000);
ledMat.clearDisplay(myMat);
// L
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
ledMat.setRow(myMat, i, charL[i]);
}
delay(1000);
ledMat.clearDisplay(myMat);
// O
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
ledMat.setRow(myMat, i, charO[i]);
}
delay(1000);
ledMat.clearDisplay(myMat);
// rendering of LEDs in the given row, here the fourth row
// (rows are numbered from 0 to 7)
ledMat.setRow(myMat, 3, B10101010);
delay(1000);
// rendering of LEDs in a given column, here the sixth column
// (columns are numbered from 0 to 7)
ledMat.setColumn(myMat, 5, B10111010);
delay(1000);
// rendering of one selected LED, here the outermost LED [8,8]
ledMat.setLed(myMat, 7, 7, true);
delay(1000);
// demonstration of light intensity change in the whole range 0 to 15
for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
ledMat.setIntensity(myMat, i);
delay(200);
}
ledMat.setIntensity(myMat, 7);
ledMat.clearDisplay(myMat);
}
To show the pressing number of the keyboard on the LCD display.
#include <Keypad.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
const byte ROWS = 4;
const byte COLS = 4;
char hexaKeys[ROWS][COLS] = {
{'1', '2', '3', 'A'}, {'4', '5', '6', 'B'}, {'7', '8', '9', 'C'}, {'*', '0', '#', 'D'}};
byte rowPins[ROWS] = {9, 8, 7, 6};
byte colPins[COLS] = {5, 4, 3, 2};
Keypad customKeypad = Keypad(makeKeymap(hexaKeys), rowPins,
colPins, ROWS, COLS);
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);
void setup(){
// Serial.begin(9600);
lcd.backlight();
lcd.init();
lcd.clear();}
void loop(){
char customKey = customKeypad.getKey();
if (customKey){
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print(customKey);
// Serial.print(customKey);
}}To initialize the RTC module, display time and date on an LCD, and update the clock every second.
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>
#include "RTClib.h"
//#include "DS1307RTC.h"
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128 // OLED display width, in pixels
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64 // OLED display height, in pixels
RTC_DS1307 rtc;
char daysOfTheWeek[7][12] = {"Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"};
// Declaration for an SSD1306 display connected to I2C (SDA, SCL pins)
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, -1);
void setup ()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
delay(3000); // wait for console opening
if(!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C)) { // Address 0x3D for 128x64
Serial.println(F("SSD1306 allocation failed"));
for(;;);
}
if (! rtc.begin()) {
Serial.println("Couldn't find RTC");
while (1);
}
// if (rtc.lostPower()) {
// Serial.println("RTC lost power, lets set the time!");
// Comment out below lines once you set the date & time.
// Following line sets the RTC to the date & time this sketch was compiled
rtc.adjust(DateTime(F(__DATE__), F(__TIME__)));
//rtc.adjust(DateTime(2024, 06, 15, 04, 35, 20));
// Following line sets the RTC with an explicit date & time
// for example to set January 27 2017 at 12:56 you would call:
// rtc.adjust(DateTime(2017, 1, 27, 12, 56, 0));
//}
display.display();
delay(2);
display.clearDisplay();
display.clearDisplay();
display.setTextColor(WHITE);
//display.startscrollright(0x00, 0x0F);
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setCursor(0,5);
display.print(" Clock ");
display.display();
delay(3000);
}
void loop ()
{
DateTime now = rtc.now();
Serial.println("Current Date & Time: ");
Serial.print(now.year(), DEC);
Serial.print('/');
Serial.print(now.month(), DEC);
Serial.print('/');
Serial.print(now.day(), DEC);
Serial.print(" (");
Serial.print(daysOfTheWeek[now.dayOfTheWeek()]);
Serial.print(") ");
Serial.print(now.hour(), DEC);
Serial.print(':');
Serial.print(now.minute(), DEC);
Serial.print(':');
Serial.print(now.second(), DEC);
Serial.println();
display.clearDisplay();
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setCursor(75,0);
display.println(now.second(), DEC);
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setCursor(25,0);
display.println(":");
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setCursor(65,0);
display.println(":");
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setCursor(40,0);
display.println(now.minute(), DEC);
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setCursor(0,0);
display.println(now.hour(), DEC);
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setCursor(0,20);
display.println(now.day(), DEC);
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setCursor(25,20);
display.println("/");
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setCursor(40,20);
display.println(now.month(), DEC);
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setCursor(55,20);
display.println("/");
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setCursor(70,20);
display.println(now.year(), DEC);
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setCursor(0,40);
display.print(daysOfTheWeek[now.dayOfTheWeek()]);
display.display();
Serial.println();
delay(1000);
}
To make a password checker using keypad, LCD, and relay
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include <Keypad.h>
#define Password_Length 8
int signalPin = 12;
char Data[Password_Length];
char Master[Password_Length] = "12A457B";
byte data_count = 0, master_count = 0;
bool Pass_is_good;
char customKey;
const byte ROWS = 4;
const byte COLS = 4;
char hexaKeys[ROWS][COLS] = {
{'1', '2', '3', 'A'},
{'4', '5', '6', 'B'},
{'7', '8', '9', 'C'},
{'*', '0', '#', 'D'}
};
byte rowPins[ROWS] = {9, 8, 7, 6};
byte colPins[COLS] = {5, 4, 3, 2};
Keypad customKeypad = Keypad(makeKeymap(hexaKeys), rowPins, colPins, ROWS, COLS);
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);
void setup(){
lcd.init();
lcd.backlight();
pinMode(signalPin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop(){
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Enter Password:");
customKey = customKeypad.getKey();
if (customKey){
Data[data_count] = customKey;
lcd.setCursor(data_count,1);
lcd.print(Data[data_count]);
data_count++;
}
if(data_count == Password_Length-1){
lcd.clear();
if(!strcmp(Data, Master)){
lcd.print("Correct");
digitalWrite(signalPin, HIGH);
delay(5000);
digitalWrite(signalPin, LOW);
}
else{
lcd.print("Incorrect");
delay(1000);
}
lcd.clear();
clearData();
}
}
void clearData(){
while(data_count !=0){
Data[data_count--] = 0;
}
return;
}
The Display shows the user’s input and Status messages as listed below:
Learn how RFID receiver works and how to reading access cards
#include <SPI.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
#include <Servo.h>
#define SS_PIN 10
#define RST_PIN 9
MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN); // Create MFRC522 instance.
#define servoPin 3
Servo myServo;
int pos = 0;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); // Initiate a serial communication
SPI.begin(); // Initiate SPI bus
mfrc522.PCD_Init(); // Initiate MFRC522
Serial.println("Approximate your card to the reader...");
Serial.println();
myservo.attach(3); }
void loop() {
// Look for new cards
if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent()) {
return; }
// Select one of the cards
if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial()) {
return; }
//Show UID on serial monitor
Serial.print("UID tag :");
String content= "";
byte letter;
for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++) {
Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " ");
Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX);
content.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " "));
content.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX)); }
Serial.println();
Serial.print("Message : ");
content.toUpperCase();
if (content.substring(1) == "XXXXXXXX") //change here the UID of the
card/cards that you want to give access
{
Serial.println("Authorized access");
Serial.println();
sweepServo();
delay(3000); }
else {
Serial.println(" Access denied");
delay(3000);
} }
void sweepServo(){
for (pos = 0; pos <= 180; pos += 1) { // goes from 0 to 180 degrees
// in steps of 1 degree
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable 'pos'
delay(15); // waits 15ms for the servo to reach the position
}
for (pos = 180; pos >= 0; pos -= 1) { // goes from 180 degrees to 0
degrees
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable 'pos'
delay(15); // waits 15ms for the servo to reach the position
}}
An RFID reader scans a tag, and based on its authorization, the servo motor rotates to open the door .
Sensing the object movements and learn how PIR Sensor works.
int led = 12; // the pin that the LED is atteched to
int sensor = 3; // the pin that the sensor is atteched to
int state = LOW; // by default, no motion detected
int val = 0; // variable to store the sensor status (value)
void setup() {
pinMode(led, OUTPUT); // initalize LED as an output
digitalWrite(led, LOW);
pinMode(sensor, INPUT); // initialize sensor as an input
Serial.begin(9600); // initialize serial
}
void loop(){
delayMicroseconds(250);
val = digitalRead(sensor); // read sensor value
if (val == LOW) { // check if the sensor is HIGH
digitalWrite(led, LOW); // turn LED ON
delay(100); // delay 100 milliseconds
if (state == HIGH) {
Serial.println("Motion detected!");
state = HIGH; // update variable state to HIGH
//delayMicroseconds(200);
}
}
else {
digitalWrite(led, HIGH); // turn LED OFF
delay(100); // delay 200 milliseconds
if (state == HIGH){
Serial.println("Motion stopped!");
state = LOW; // update variable state to LOW
} }}Sensing the distance of objects and learn how Ultrasonic Sensor works
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);
#define trigPin 6
//Sensor Echo pin connected to Arduino pin 13
#define echoPin 7
//Sensor Trip pin connected to Arduino pin 12
void setup(){
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
lcd.init();
lcd.backlight();
// lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(4,0);
lcd.print("Blue Nile");
lcd.setCursor(4,1);
lcd.print("Software");
//lcd.print("Moving Text!!!");
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
//Set LCD cursor to upper left corner, col 0, row 0
lcd.print("Target Distance:");
//Print Message on First Row
//lcd.print("");
delay(2000);
}
void loop(){
long duration, distance;
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(5);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
distance = (duration/2) / 29.1;
lcd.setCursor(0,1); //Set cursor to 1st col of 2nd row
lcd.print(" "); //Print blanks to clear the row
lcd.setCursor(0,1); //Set Cursor again to 1st col of 2nd row
lcd.print(distance); //Print measured distance
lcd.print(" cm"); //Print your units.
delay(250); //pause to let things settle
}Sensing the light intensity and learn how LDR Sensor works
int LEDPin = 3;
int LDRPin = 9;
int HIGH2 = 0;
int LOW2 = 1;
void setup(){
pinMode(LEDPin, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(LEDPin, LOW2);
pinMode(LDRPin, INPUT_PULLUP); }
void loop(){
int detection = !digitalRead(LDRPin);
if (detection == HIGH2){
digitalWrite(LEDPin , HIGH2);
}
if (detection == LOW2){
digitalWrite(LEDPin , LOW2);
} }
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